Which soil type is known to develop primarily in arid regions?

The soil type that develops primarily in arid regions is Aridisols. This classification of soil is specifically adapted to dry environments and is characterized by low moisture availability as well as limited organic matter content. Aridisols typically display various horizons with a significant accumulation of salts and minerals due to the evaporation of water, which leaves behind dissolved minerals. This process is prevalent in desert climates where vegetation is sparse, and the lack of moisture prevents the development of richer soils.

In contrast, Spodosols are typically found in colder, humid regions under coniferous forests, characterized by a layer of leached, acidic material. Mollisols, known for their rich organic content, are predominantly found in grassland areas where moisture is more available, and Oxisols, which are highly weathered, generally occur in tropical regions with high rainfall. Thus, each of these soil types has specific environmental settings that do not align with the arid conditions under which Aridisols are formed.