Which of the following substances is NOT typically associated with groundwater storage?

Granite is not typically associated with groundwater storage due to its geological characteristics. Groundwater storage relies on the presence of porous and permeable materials that can hold and transmit water. In contrast, granite is an igneous rock that is generally dense and lacks significant porosity. This means it does not have the empty spaces needed to store water or allow it to flow freely through the rock.

Other materials such as sand, clay, and sandstone possess varying degrees of porosity and permeability. Sand, for instance, has larger spaces between its grains, allowing for efficient water movement and storage. Sandstone, which is composed mostly of sand-sized particles, can also hold significant amounts of groundwater due to its porous nature. Although clay is less permeable, it can store water in its tiny spaces, but it restricts the movement of water compared to sand and sandstone. Therefore, granite's composition makes it unsuitable for groundwater storage, making it the correct answer to the question.