Which of the following factors does NOT affect soil erosion?

Soil texture refers to the size and distribution of particles in the soil, which can influence various soil properties such as drainage, aeration, and fertility. However, when considering soil erosion specifically, it is not a direct factor in the same way that vegetation cover, topography, and climate are.

Vegetation cover plays a crucial role in preventing soil erosion because plants anchor the soil in place with their roots and reduce the impact of raindrops on the soil surface. Topography, which pertains to the shape and steepness of the land, affects water runoff and thus can influence erosion rates; steeper slopes tend to have higher erosion rates due to faster water flow. Climate impacts soil erosion through precipitation patterns and intensity, as heavy rainfall can lead to increased runoff and erosion.

Thus, while soil texture does influence soil health and water retention, it does not directly dictate the processes that lead to erosion, making it the correct answer for this question.