What type of wave is described as a gigantic ocean wave caused by seismic activity?

The type of wave described as a gigantic ocean wave caused by seismic activity is a tsunami. Tsunamis are typically generated by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides, which displace a large volume of water. When the ocean floor shifts suddenly during a seismic event, it creates a series of waves that can travel across entire ocean basins at high speeds.

Unlike typical ocean waves influenced by wind, tsunamis can have immense energy, which allows them to travel far distances. As these waves approach shallow coastal waters, they can grow significantly in height, leading to devastating impacts when they reach land.

The other types of waves mentioned, such as rogue waves, tidal waves, and capillary waves, do not originate from seismic activity, nor do they possess the characteristics of a tsunami. Rogue waves are massive and unexpected waves that can occur in deep water, while tidal waves are commonly misconstrued terms but more accurately refer to tides caused by gravitational forces. Capillary waves are small, wind-driven ripples on the ocean's surface. Understanding the specific formation mechanics and impacts of tsunamis clarifies why this term accurately describes the enormous waves generated by seismic events.